The world has been living with the AIDS epidemic for more than 25 years and it has caused untold suffering. The scope of the AIDS epidemic is greater than the bubonic plague. Its destructive impact is particularly painful on families. In Africa it is known as "the grandmother’s disease," because it kills mothers and fathers in the prime of their life when they are at the center of providing care for their family both in terms of financial productivity and tender loving care. The burden of taking care of children then falls on the grandmothers. Although extraordinary progress has been made in the treatment of HIV the progress in prevention has been much slower.